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They usually occur just under the skin, but occasionally may be deeper. [1] Most are less than 5 cm (2.0 in) in size. [2] Common locations include upper back, shoulders, and abdomen. [4] It is possible to have several lipomas. [3] The cause is generally unclear. [1] Risk factors include family history, obesity, and lack of exercise.
Spindle cell sarcoma in muscle tissue. Spindle cell sarcoma is a type of connective tissue cancer.The tumors generally begin in layers of connective tissue, as found under the skin, between muscles, and surrounding organs, and will generally start as a small, inflamed lump, which grows in size.
In one extreme case, a ganglion cyst was observed to propagate extensively via the conduit of the common peroneal nerve sheath to a location in the thigh; in such cases surgery to the proximal joint to remove the articular connection may remove the need for a riskier, more extensive surgery in the neural tissue of the thigh. [19]
Nodules are small firm lumps usually greater than 1 cm in diameter, found in skin and other organs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] If filled with fluid they are usually softer and referred to as cysts . [ 2 ] Smaller (less than 0.5 cm) raised soft tissue bumps may be termed papules .
Erythema nodosum (EN) is an inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation of subcutaneous fat tissue, resulting in painful red/blue lumps or nodules that are usually seen symmetrically on both shins, on the thighs, arms, and elsewhere. [1]
Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis (CSVV) is inflammation of small blood vessels, usually accompanied by small lumps beneath the skin. [1]: 831 [2] The condition is also known as hypersensitivity vasculitis, cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis, hypersensitivity angiitis, cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis, cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis and cutaneous necrotizing venulitis, [3]
Cutaneous myxoma appears as a little, slowly expanding dermal or subcutaneous lump that typically affects adults' heads and necks. [3] Alopecic lesions have been reported, [4] [5] characterized by hair tufts overlaying the lesion or even hypertrichosis. [6] Although usually painless, some people have reported experiencing discomfort or tenderness.
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer occurring in about three people per million members of the population. [1] It is also known as cutaneous APUDoma, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, primary small cell carcinoma of the skin, and trabecular carcinoma of the skin. [2]