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1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane, or simply tetrabromoethane (TBE), is a halogenated hydrocarbon, chemical formula C 2 H 2 Br 4.Although three bromine atoms may bind to one of the carbon atoms creating 1,1,1,2-tetrabromoethane this is not thermodynamically favorable, so in practice tetrabromoethane is equal to 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane, where each carbon atom binds two bromine atoms.
In organic synthesis, EtBr is the synthetic equivalent of the ethyl carbocation (Et +) synthon. [5] In reality, such a cation is not actually formed. For example, carboxylates salts are converted to ethyl esters , [ 6 ] carbanions to ethylated derivatives, thiourea into ethylisothiouronium salts, [ 7 ] and amines into ethylamines.
Tribromoethylene is a bromoalkene and a trihaloethylene with the chemical formula C 2 HBr 3.It can be made from 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane. [3]Tribromoethylene reacts with potassium hydroxide to yield dibromoacetylene via dehydrobromination, [4] this reaction is analogous to the synthesis of dichloroacetylene from trichloroethylene.
These toxic chemicals are avoided today in consideration of the fact that there are alternative water based, non-toxic heavy liquids like sodium polytungstate solutions. [1] With this relatively new heavy liquid densities up to 3.1 g·cm −3 can be adjusted . Adding parts of pulverulent tungsten carbide increases the density to 4.6 g·cm −3. [2]
Tetrabromoethylene is a potential fungicide and bactericide on fruits. [1] It was used in mineral separation. [2] It is prepared from acetylene and bromine in multiple steps. [1] [3] One method involves dehydrobromination of pentabromoethane, other method involves bromination of dibromoethylene in chloroform. [1]
Tetrabromoethane; 1,2,3-Tribromopropane This page was last edited on 2 December 2021, at 15:41 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution ...
Metric regions commonly use the tonne of oil equivalent (toe), or more often million toe (Mtoe). Since this is a measurement of mass, any conversion to barrels of oil equivalent depends on the density of the oil in question, as well as the energy content. Typically 1 tonne of oil has a volume of 1.08 to 1.19 cubic metres (6.8 to 7.5 bbl).
The tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is a unit of energy defined as the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of crude oil.It is approximately 42 gigajoules or 11.630 megawatt-hours, although as different crude oils have different calorific values, the exact value is defined by convention; several slightly different definitions exist.