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Mexico ranks first in biodiversity in reptiles with 707 known species, second in mammals with 438 species, fourth in amphibians with 290 species, and fourth in flora, with 26,000 species. [3] Mexico is also ranked second in the world in ecosystems and fourth in overall species. [4] About 2,500 species are protected by Mexican legislation. [4]
Terrestrial ecoregions of Mexico. The following is a list of ecoregions in Mexico as identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). A different system of ecoregional analysis is used by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation, a trilateral body linking Mexican, Canadian and United States environmental regime.
The Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO; English: National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity) is a permanent inter-ministerial commission of the Federal Mexican government, created in 1992.
The general increase in terrestrial biodiversity moving towards the equator [1] is another important factor in the comparison. Mexico includes much of the Mesoamerican and Madrean pine-oak woodlands biodiversity hotspots. From a biogeographic standpoint, most of Mexico is linked to the rest of North America as part of the Nearctic realm.
Megadiversity means exhibiting great biodiversity. The main criterion for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must have at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and must border marine ecosystems.
The American bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana is an invasive species in Mexico. Invasive species in Mexico are a major cause of biodiversity loss, [1] altering ecosystems, affecting native species, damaging environmental services and public health, and causing economic losses. [2]
Wet tropical forests in North America span from sea level to an altitude of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). They have particular geologic, topographic, and soil conditions that characterize them. These characteristics influence biotic structures and relationships and have contributed to the high biodiversity of the ecoregion.
There are currently 232 Protected Natural Areas in Mexico, covering 98 million hectares in total. They are protected and administered by the National Commission of Protected Natural Areas ( Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas , or 'CONANP'), a federal agency under the Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT). [ 1 ]