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Terrestrial ecoregions of Mexico. The following is a list of ecoregions in Mexico as identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). A different system of ecoregional analysis is used by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation, a trilateral body linking Mexican, Canadian and United States environmental regime.
Mexico ranks first in biodiversity in reptiles with 707 known species, second in mammals with 438 species, fourth in amphibians with 290 species, and fourth in flora, with 26,000 species. [3] Mexico is also ranked second in the world in ecosystems and fourth in overall species. [4] About 2,500 species are protected by Mexican legislation. [4]
The Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO; English: National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity) is a permanent inter-ministerial commission of the Federal Mexican government, created in 1992.
The general increase in terrestrial biodiversity moving towards the equator [1] is another important factor in the comparison. Mexico includes much of the Mesoamerican and Madrean pine-oak woodlands biodiversity hotspots. From a biogeographic standpoint, most of Mexico is linked to the rest of North America as part of the Nearctic realm.
Megadiversity means exhibiting great biodiversity. The main criterion for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must have at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and must border marine ecosystems.
UNESCO has designated certain natural protected areas in Mexico as international biosphere reserves through its Man and the Biosphere Programme. Some are also designated biosphere reserves by the Mexican government, while others have a different national designation (national park, flora and fauna protection area, etc.).
The Sierra Madre Occidental run north to south in western Mexico from the center of the country towards the United States border. The Sierra Madre Occidental is Mexico's largest range, and the ecoregion extends approximately 1,200 kilometers from southern Arizona to northern Jalisco. [4] The highest peak is Cerro Mohinora (3300 m) in southern ...
The biosphere is the seventh largest federally protected natural area and has the greatest biodiversity of all of them, including those which encompass marine areas, [22] as it is home to 10 of Mexico's 11 ecosystems. [18] The diversity of the area can also be seen in the number of plant and animals species found in the reserve.