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The reduction of nitro compounds are chemical reactions of wide interest in organic chemistry. The conversion can be effected by many reagents. The nitro group was one of the first functional groups to be reduced. Alkyl and aryl nitro compounds behave differently. Most useful is the reduction of aryl nitro compounds.
Azo dyes are also prepared by the condensation of nitroaromatics with anilines followed by reduction of the resulting azoxy intermediate: ArNO 2 + Ar'NH 2 → ArN(O)=NAr' + H 2 O ArN(O)=NAr' + C 6 H 12 O 6 → ArN=NAr' + C 6 H 10 O 6 + H 2 O. For textile dying, a typical nitro coupling partner would be disodium 4,4′-dinitrostilbene-2,2 ...
Free radical nitration of alkanes. [4] The reaction produces fragments from the parent alkane, creating a diverse mixture of products; for instance, nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, and 2-nitropropane are produced by treating propane with nitric acid in the gas phase (e.g. 350–450 °C and 8–12 atm).
Azoxybenzene and its derivatives are typically prepared by reduction of nitrocompounds, such as the reduction of nitrobenzene with arsenous oxide. [2] Such reactions are proposed to proceed via the intermediacy of the nitroso compounds and hydroxylamines, e.g. phenylhydroxylamine and nitrosobenzene (Ph = phenyl, C 6 H 5): [3]: 445 + +
2-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline is an organic compound with the formula O 2 NC 6 H 3 (OCH 3)NH 2. [2] It is one of four isomers of methoxynitroaniline. The compound is a precursor to the commercial Pigment Yellow 74 .
Azobenzene is a weak base, but undergoes protonation at one nitrogen with a pK a = -2.95. It functions as a Lewis base, e.g. toward boron trihalides. It binds to low valence metal centers, e.g. Ni(Ph 2 N 2)(PPh 3) 2 is well characterized. [14] Azobenzene oxidizes to give azoxybenzene. Hydrogenation gives diphenylhydrazine.
2-Nitroaniline is an organic compound with the formula H 2 NC 6 H 4 NO 2. It is a derivative of aniline , carrying a nitro functional group in position 2. [ 1 ] It is mainly used as a precursor to o-phenylenediamine.
2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline is an organic compound with the formula O 2 NC 6 H 2 Cl 2 NH 2. It is the most widely discussed isomer of dichloronitroaniline, mainly as a precursor to the azo dye disperse brown 1. It is prepared by treatment of 4-nitroaniline with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide (a source of chlorine). [3] [4]