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Choriocarcinoma is a malignant, trophoblastic [1] cancer, usually of the placenta. It is characterized by early hematogenous spread to the lungs. It belongs to the malignant end of the spectrum in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). It is also classified as a germ cell tumor and may arise in the testis or ovary.
Here, first a fertilised egg implants into the uterus, but some cells around the fetus (the chorionic villi) do not develop properly. The pregnancy is not viable, and the normal pregnancy process turns into a benign tumour. There are two subtypes of hydatidiform mole: complete hydatidiform mole, and partial hydatidiform mole. [citation needed]
The tumor is caused when the germ cells in the ovaries begin divide uncontrollably and become malignant which are characterized with their less organized nuclei and unclearly defined border. [1] Another potential etiology is the dysfunctioning of the tumor suppressor gene , TRC8/RNF139, or even karyotypic abnormalities after close molecular ...
Ovarian borderline tumors, sometimes called low malignant potential (LMP) ovarian tumors, have some benign and some malignant features. [29] LMP tumors make up approximately 10–15% of all ovarian tumors. [31] [70] They develop earlier than epithelial ovarian cancer, around the age of 40–49. They typically do not have extensive invasion; 10% ...
A luteoma is a tumor that occurs in the ovaries during pregnancy. It is associated with an increase of sex hormones, primarily progesterone and testosterone. [1] [2] The size of the tumor can range from 1 to 25 cm in diameter, but is usually 6 to 10 cm in diameter [3] and can grow throughout the duration of the pregnancy. [4]
A teratoma that contains anaplastic immature elements, and is often synonymous with malignant teratoma. [8] Other germ cell tumors 3.0%: Others mainly include dysgerminoma, yolk sac tumor, struma ovarii and squamous cell carcinoma arising from a dermoid cyst, and malignant mixed germ cell tumor. [5] Surface epithelial-stromal tumor Serous tumor ...
A borderline tumor, sometimes called low malignant ... 40 years of age (in 27–36% of cases the tumours occur at a younger age), compared with an average occurrence ...
The 1997 International Germ Cell Consensus Classification [17] is a tool for estimating the risk of relapse after treatment of malignant germ-cell tumor. A small study of ovarian tumors in girls [18] reports a correlation between cystic and benign tumors, and conversely, solid and malignant tumors. Because the cystic extent of a tumor can be ...