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The dark blue or purple berries are mildly poisonous in their raw state, but are edible after cooking. [26] [28] They can be used to make jam, jelly, [28] chutney, and Pontack sauce. In Scandinavia and Germany, soup made from the elderberry (e.g. the German Fliederbeersuppe) is a traditional meal. [29]
Raw elderberries are 80% water, 18% carbohydrates, and less than 1% each of protein and fat. In a 100-gram ( 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 oz) amount, elderberries supply 305 kilojoules (73 kcal) of food energy and are a rich source of vitamin C , providing 43% of the Daily Value (DV).
Sambucus gaudichaudiana, commonly known as white elderberry, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a perennial shrub but with stems that are produced annually with pinnate leaves that have three to eleven leaflets, small white flowers and small but edible fruit.
The flower called elderflower is edible, as are the ripe berries, although cooking may be preferred to inhibit intake of glycosides, which are associated with potential toxicity. [4] [13] A drink can be made from soaking the flower heads in water for eight hours. [4] Other uses for the fruit include wine, jelly and dye.
Sambucus racemosa is often a treelike shrub growing 2–6 m (7–20 ft) tall. The stems are soft with a pithy center.. Each individual leaf is composed of 5 to 7 leaflike leaflets, each of which is up to 16 cm (6 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long, lance-shaped to narrowly oval, and irregularly serrated along the edges.
Sambucus cerulea is a large, deciduous shrub, which can grow to be 9 metres (30 feet) in height and 6 m (20 ft) in width. It normally grows rather wildly from several stems, which can be heavily pruned (or even cut to the ground) during winter dormancy.
Image credits: LunarQueen1984 "As solitary hunters, it is also important for cats to establish a territory where they can hunt/find food and avoid conflict with other cats, as conflict could ...
Adult cats should be fed a diet that promotes maintaining a healthy weight, while at the same time meeting the individual taste preference of the cat. Cats generally prefer to eat smaller meals more frequently, which can lead to less weight gain compared to cats that are fed free-choice (always available) food.