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The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...
E-cigarettes use by children and adolescents may result in nicotine addiction. [73]: C [74]: A Following the possibility of nicotine addiction via e-cigarettes, there is concern that children may start smoking cigarettes. [75] Adolescents are likely to underestimate nicotine's addictiveness. [76]
Accidental nicotine exposure affects children through ingestion, inhalation, or choking. [14] Such poisoning is apparently rare, suggested by the fact that reviews highlight individual cases. In 2014, an infant died from choking on an e-cigarette component. [121] Adolescents may mistake the colorful e-liquid bottles for candy.
Calls to poison control centers hit an all-time high in 2022. ... Although Dr. Stephen Thornton has seen a lot of children with nicotine exposure, he said, the human body has ways of protecting ...
Nicotine use as a tool for quitting smoking has a good safety history. [36] Animal studies suggest that nicotine may adversely affect cognitive development in adolescence, but the relevance of these findings to human brain development is disputed. [37] [27] At low amounts, it has a mild analgesic effect. [38]
The amount of nicotine stated on the labels of e-liquids can be very different from analyzed samples. [1] Some e-liquids sold as nicotine-free contained nicotine, and some of them were at substantial levels. [47] The analyzed liquids nicotine levels were between 14.8 and 87.2 mg/mL and the actual amount varied from the stated amount by as much ...
There was a greater effect of father smoking on boys than girls, the effects of the father smoking depended on if the father lived at home with the adolescent, and there was a greater effect of parental smoking on youth under the age of 13. [25] Extending beyond parents, siblings may also exert an effect on adolescent smoking.
Nicotine itself could be at least partly responsible for many of the adverse after birth health results related to cigarette use while the mother was pregnant. [40] There is evidence that nicotine negatively affects fetal brain development and pregnancy outcomes. [42] There is also risk of stillbirth and pre-term birth. [43]