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Main sapphire-producing countries. Sapphire is a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminium oxide (α-Al 2 O 3) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, cobalt, lead, chromium, vanadium, magnesium, boron, and silicon.
Fancy sapphires of various colours are also available. In the United States, blue sapphire tends to be the most popular and most affordable of the three major precious gemstones (emerald, ruby, and sapphire). Turquoise Turquoise is found in only a few places on Earth, and the world's largest turquoise-producing region is the southwest United ...
Roughs from the English Mine were shipped to London and sold in Europe, often with claims they were sapphires from the Far East, while the American Mine had difficulty marketing its gems within the United States. The American Sapphire Company, which used local gemcutters from Great Falls, went bankrupt in 1909; a new firm, the Yogo American ...
Title page of a printed lapidary by Conrad Gessner of 1565. A lapidary is a text in verse or prose, often a whole book, that describes the physical properties and metaphysical virtues of precious and semi-precious stones, that is to say, a work on gemology. [1]
Volcanism has taken place during five cycles of magmatic activity, each producing less volcanic material than the previous one. During these cycles volcanism has created several types of volcanoes, including cinder cones , stratovolcanoes , subglacial volcanoes , shield volcanoes and lava domes .
First attested in Old English as Denamearc in Alfred's translation of Paulus Orosius's Seven Books of History against the Pagans. [188] The etymology of " Danes " is uncertain, but has been derived from the proposed Proto-Indo-European root *dhen ("low, flat"); -mark from the proposed Proto-Indo-European root *mereg- ("edge, boundary") via Old ...
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Princess Sapphire, a character in the manga Princess Knight; Sapphire Rhodonite, a character in the video game Disgaea 3: Absence of Justice; Sapphire Stevens, a character in the 1920s–1950s radio/film/television series Amos 'n' Andy; Sapphire Trollzawa, a character from the animated series Trollz; Sapphire Kawashima, a main character in the ...