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The Pareto priority index (PPI) [1] is an index used to prioritize several (quality improvement) projects. It is named for its connection with the Pareto principle named after the economist Vilfredo Pareto.
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PICK charts are a method to prioritize a number of action items or problem solving ideas. A pick chart allows visual comparison of action items relative to their impact to the problem being addressed vs. the ease/cost of implementation. In VERY rudimentary terms, PICK charts are a Return On Investment (ROI) method.
ANOVA gauge repeatability and reproducibility is a measurement systems analysis technique that uses an analysis of variance (ANOVA) random effects model to assess a measurement system. The evaluation of a measurement system is not limited to gauge but to all types of measuring instruments , test methods , and other measurement systems.
The repeatability coefficient is a precision measure which represents the value below which the absolute difference between two repeated test results may be expected to lie with a probability of 95%. [citation needed] The standard deviation under repeatability conditions is part of precision and accuracy. [citation needed]
In the empirical sciences, the so-called three-sigma rule of thumb (or 3 σ rule) expresses a conventional heuristic that nearly all values are taken to lie within three standard deviations of the mean, and thus it is empirically useful to treat 99.7% probability as near certainty.
In mathematics, particularly measure theory, a 𝜎-ideal, or sigma ideal, of a σ-algebra (𝜎, read "sigma") is a subset with certain desirable closure properties. It is a special type of ideal . Its most frequent application is in probability theory .
Mathematical notation uses a symbol that compactly represents summation of many similar terms: the summation symbol, , an enlarged form of the upright capital Greek letter sigma. This is defined as = a i = a m + a m + 1 + a m + 2 + ... + a n - 1 + a n