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Each Korean speech level can be combined with honorific or non-honorific noun and verb forms. Taken together, there are 14 combinations. Some of these speech levels are disappearing from the majority of Korean speech. Hasoseo-che is now used mainly in movies or dramas set in the Joseon era and in religious speech. [1]
It uses the Korean alphabet, created in December 1443 CE by the Joseon-era king Sejong the Great. [1] Unlike the North Korean standard language (문화어, Munhwaŏ), the South Korean standard language includes many Sino-Korean words (i.e., loan-words from Chinese or Japanese), as well as some from English and other European languages. [2]
Korean (South Korean: 한국어, romanized: Han-gu-keo; North Korean: 조선어, romanized: Chosŏnŏ) is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent. [ a ] [ 1 ] [ 3 ] It is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea .
Korean was added to the proposal by Gustaf Ramstedt in 1924, and others later added Japanese. [99] The languages share features such as agglutinative morphology, subject–object–verb order and postpositions. [100] [101] Many cognates have been proposed, and attempts have been made to reconstruct a proto-language. [102] [103]
The phonology of the Korean language covers the language's distinct, meaningful sounds (19 consonants and 7 vowels in the standard Seoul dialect) and the rules governing how those sounds interact with each other.
Sino-Korean words constitute a large portion of South Korean vocabulary, the remainder being native Korean words and loanwords from other languages, such as Japanese and English to a lesser extent. Sino-Korean words are typically used in formal or literary contexts, [5] and to express abstract or complex ideas. [7]
The only agreement needed for Korean nouns would be the object and subject particles (이/가, 을/를, 은/는) added depending on if the noun ends in a vowel or consonant. The most basic, fundamental Korean vocabulary is native to the Korean language, e.g. 나라 nara "country", 날 nal "day".
This is the list of Hangul jamo (Korean alphabet letters which represent consonants and vowels in Korean) including obsolete ones. This list contains Unicode code points. Hangul jamo characters in Unicode Hangul Compatibility Jamo block in Unicode Halfwidth Hangul jamo characters in Unicode. In the lists below,