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The resistance of copper wire is approximately 1 ohms / 1000 feet for 10 AWG, 10 ohms / 1000 feet for 20 AWG, 100 ohms / 1000 feet for 30 AWG, and so on. [ 5 ] : 27 Because aluminum wire has a conductivity of approximately 61% of copper, an aluminum wire has nearly the same resistance as a copper wire that is two sizes ...
The amount of current a cable or wire can safely carry depends on the installation conditions. The international standard wire sizes are given in the IEC 60228 standard of the International Electrotechnical Commission. In North America, the American Wire Gauge standard for wire sizes is used.
Comparison of SWG (red), AWG (blue) and IEC 60228 (black) wire gauge sizes from 0.03 to 200 mm² to scale on a 1 mm grid – in the SVG file, hover over a size to highlight it. In engineering applications, it is often most convenient to describe a wire in terms of its cross-section area, rather than its diameter, because the cross section is directly proportional to its strength and weight ...
The current British Standard for metallic materials including wire is BS 6722:1986, which is a solely metric standard, superseding 3737:1964, which used the SWG system. The IEC 60228, used in most parts of the world, defines standard wire sizes based on their cross-sectional areas as expressed in mm 2. [3]
For example, the United States National Electrical Code, Table 310.15(B)(16), specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30 °C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75 °C. A single insulated conductor ...
One important property of the insulation which affects the current-carrying capacity of the wire is the maximum conductor temperature. This, in combination with the ambient temperature and ability of the environment to absorb heat, determines the amount of tolerable copper loss in the wire, and therefore its size in relation to the load current ...
Also, the size of the aluminum wire needs to be larger compared to copper wire used for the same circuit due to the increased resistance of the aluminum alloys. For example, a 15 A branch circuit supplying standard lighting fixtures can be installed with either #14 AWG copper building wire or #12 AWG aluminum building wire according to the NEC ...
The Electronic Industries Alliance or EIA now known as the Consumer Electronics Association or CEA standard ANSI/CEA-2030 as of the 3/30/2005 Publication date defines; Wire topologies; Wire Gauge in American Wire Gauge or AWG; twisted pair designation; wire routing and control locations