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"Ketoglutaric acid" and "ketoglutarate", when not qualified as α or β, almost always refers respectively to α-ketoglutaric acid or α-ketoglutarate. [2] α-Ketoglutarate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, a cycle that supplies the energy to cells. [2] It is also an intermediate in or product of several other metabolic pathways.
Beta-ketothiolase deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive metabolic disorder in which the body cannot properly process the amino acid isoleucine or the products of lipid breakdown. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Along with SCOT deficiency , it belongs to a group of disorders called ketone utilisation disorders.
A deficiency in any of the enzymes of this complex as well as an inhibition of the complex as a whole leads to a buildup of branched-chain amino acids and their harmful derivatives in the body. These accumulations lend a sweet smell to bodily excretions (such as ear wax and urine), leading to a pathology known as maple syrup urine disease. [19]
BCKDK deficit disease symptoms may include autism, intellectual disability and developmental delay. R.Constante, Juliana et al. reported a list of symptoms in a study of 20 cases. [ 1 ] Those symptoms included: neurodevelopmental delay , gross motor function impairment , intellectual disability , language impairment , epilepsy and clumsiness ...
Alpers disease; Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency; Alpha-2 deficient collagen disease; Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase deficiency; Alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency; Alpha-mannosidosis; Alpha-sarcoglycanopathy; Alpha-thalassemia; Alpha thalassemia abnormal morphogenesis; Alpha-thalassemia mental retardation syndrome; Alport syndrome. Alport ...
The two organs most commonly affected are the liver and the skeletal muscle. Glycogen storage diseases that affect the liver typically cause hepatomegaly and hypoglycemia; those that affect skeletal muscle cause exercise intolerance, progressive weakness and cramping. [1] Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase deficiency affects step 2 of glycolysis.
The vast majority of symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease relate to motor function. Strangely, despite the condition being so debilitating, some of the early predictors of Parkinson’s ...
Thiamine deficiency is also related to malnutrition from poor diet, impaired use of thiamine by the cells and impaired storage in the liver. [25] Without thiamine the Krebs cycle enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH) are impaired. [15]