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Tetanus (from Ancient Greek τέτανος 'tension, stretched, rigid'), also known as lockjaw, is a bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani and characterized by muscle spasms. In the most common type, the spasms begin in the jaw and then progress to the rest of the body.
Trismus is defined as painful restriction in opening the mouth due to a muscle spasm, [5] however it can also refer to limited mouth opening of any cause. [6] Another definition of trismus is simply a limitation of movement. [4] Historically and commonly, the term lockjaw was sometimes used as a synonym for both trismus [2] and tetanus. [7]
Symptoms include fever, sore throat, painful swallowing, and swelling in the neck. [2] An anterior space abscess can cause lockjaw (spasm of jaw muscle), and hard mass formation along the angle of the mandible, with medial bulging of the tonsil and lateral pharyngeal wall. A posterior space abscess causes swelling in the posterior pharyngeal ...
Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) is an uncommon focal neurological condition affecting the jaws, face, and mouth. [1] Oromandibular dystonia is characterized by involuntary spasms of the tongue, jaw, and mouth muscles that result in bruxism, or grinding of the teeth, and jaw closure.
Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder vary in their presentation. The symptoms will usually involve more than one of the various components of the masticatory system, muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, bones, connective tissue, or the teeth. [23] The three classically described, cardinal signs and symptoms of TMD are: [11] [24]
A medical and dental history is obtained for completeness. The medical history includes questions on the general health of the patient, to assess contraindications to treatment of jaw abnormality. Special emphasis is placed on diseases and medication which cause altered metabolism, that may affect growth and tissue reactions. [19]
The symptoms of this are very similar to the symptoms of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Patients are in a lot of pain, the area may swell up, bone may be seen and fractures may take place. The patients may also have a dry mouth and find it difficult to keep their mouth clean.
Unlike tonsillitis, which is more common in children, PTA has a more even age spread, from children to adults. Symptoms start appearing two to eight days before the formation of an abscess. A progressively severe sore throat on one side and pain during swallowing (odynophagia) usually are the earliest symptoms.