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V(D)J recombination (variable–diversity–joining rearrangement) is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. It results in the highly diverse repertoire of antibodies/immunoglobulins and T cell receptors (TCRs) found in B cells and T cells, respectively.
Activation-dependent T cell revision process is part of peripheral tolerance mechanisms if the new TCR specificity loses its autoreactive specificity as described in mouse transgenic [11] and knock-in [12] [13] mouse models or in self-reactive conventional T cells in mouse [13] [14] or man. [15]
[7] [17] [18] Although expression is typically found to be in the primary lymphoid organs, recent work has suggested that stimulation via antigen can result in secondary TdT expression along with other enzymes needed for gene rearrangement outside of the thymus for T-cells. [19] Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia greatly over-produce ...
T cells are grouped into a series of subsets based on their function. CD4 and CD8 T cells are selected in the thymus, but undergo further differentiation in the periphery to specialized cells which have different functions. T cell subsets were initially defined by function, but also have associated gene or protein expression patterns.
The ability of T cells to ignore healthy cells but respond when these same cells express a small number of foreign pMHCs is known as antigen discrimination. [20] [21] To do so, T cells have a very high degree of antigen specificity, despite the fact that the affinity to the peptide/MHC ligand is rather low in comparison to other receptor types ...
The most common structural abnormality is the rearrangement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) gene. 95% of T-cell TCRs consist of an alpha and beta chain (encoded by TRA and TRB, respectively), while only 5% consist of gamma and delta chains (encoded by TRG and TRD, respectively). [4]
Signal joint T-cell receptor excision circles (sjTRECs) might be used as a way to test the age of the individual from a blood sample. [2] The detection of sjTRECs can be further used as a diagnostic tool to monitor the thymic output (e.g., following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or in cases of AIDS). [3]
n/a Ensembl n/a n/a UniProt n a n/a RefSeq (mRNA) n/a n/a RefSeq (protein) n/a n/a Location (UCSC) n/a n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human T cell receptor gamma locus is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRG gene, also known as TCRG or TRG@. It contributes the gamma (γ) chain to the larger TCR protein (T-cell receptor). Function T cell receptors recognize foreign antigens ...