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Composite body, painted, and glazed bottle. Iran, 16th century (Metropolitan Museum of Art) Detail of dripping rice-straw ash glaze (top), Japan, 1852. Ceramic glaze, or simply glaze, is a glassy coating on ceramics. It is used for decoration, to ensure the item is impermeable to liquids and to minimize the adherence of pollutants. [1]
Enamel can be used on metal, glass, ceramics, stone, or any material that will withstand the fusing temperature. In technical terms fired enamelware is an integrated layered composite of glass and another material (or more glass). The term "enamel" is most often restricted to work on metal, which is the subject of this article.
Fritware, also known as stone-paste, is a type of pottery in which ground glass is added to clay to reduce its fusion temperature. The mixture may include quartz or other siliceous material. An organic compound such as gum or glue may be added for binding.
Because an enamel is essentially glass applied to a substrate or surface to cover it, its production differs from that of glass by only a few steps. The earliest known objects to be covered with a glaze are glazed stones made for jewellery, having been manufactured in Egypt as early as 4000 BC, in Mesopotamia from 5500-4000 BC, in Europe from ...
A parting and contraction of the glaze on the surface of ceramic ware during drying or firing, resulting in unglazed areas bordered by coalesced glaze. May be caused by uneven glazing, excessive glaze thickness or a greasy substrate. [8] Crazing A glaze fault characterised by the cracking of fired glazes and due to high tensile stresses.
Hard-paste porcelain was invented in China, and it was also used in Japanese porcelain.Most of the finest quality porcelain wares are made of this material. The earliest European porcelains were produced at the Meissen factory in the early 18th century; they were formed from a paste composed of kaolin and alabaster and fired at temperatures up to 1,400 °C (2,552 °F) in a wood-fired kiln ...
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Tin-glazing is the process of giving tin-glazed pottery items a ceramic glaze that is white, glossy and opaque, which is normally applied to red or buff earthenware. Tin-glaze is plain lead glaze with a small amount of tin oxide added. [1] The opacity and whiteness of tin glaze encourage its frequent decoration.