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Sieidis (Northern Sami: sieidi, Finnish: seita, Swedish: sejte, Russian: сейд) are Sami cultural items, usually a rock with unusual shape. Sieidis are found in nature in certain sacred places, for example at the sea or river beaches or on the mountain. [1]
The Sami religion differs somewhat between regions and tribes. Although the deities are similar, their names vary between regions. The deities also overlap: in one region, one deity can appear as several separate deities, and in another region, several deities can be united in to just a few.
The Inari Sami name for the island is Äijih. The area of the lake is called Ukonselkä. Ukonkivi was considered by the local Inari Sami to be an extremely important sieidi (Inari Sami: siejdi, Finnish: seita), or sacred natural formation, and was used as a sacrificial site, perhaps as recently as in the 19th century. [1]
Sacred sites were destroyed, such as sieidi (stones in natural or human-built formations), álda and sáivu (sacred hills), springs, caves and other natural formations where offerings were made. In the far east of the Sámi area, the Russian monk Trifon converted the Sámi in the 16th century.
Vuojatädno, a watercourse in Padjelanta. The rock carvings are carved into soapstone mountainside. The early carvings feature harnessed Reindeer, [1] an animal of great importance to the Sámi well as anthropomorphs which may be early representations of the Finno-Uralic female deity Máttaráhkká. [2]
The region stretches over four countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia.To the north, it is bounded by the Barents Sea, Norwegian Sea, and White Sea. [2] [3] Lapland (/ ˈ l æ p l æ n d /) has been a historical term for areas inhabited by the Sami based on the older term "Lapp" for its inhabitants, a term which is now considered outdated or pejorative. [4]
In the Kingdoms of Denmark-Norway, the Sami religion was banned on pain of death as witchcraft. During the 17th-century, the persecution of the followers of Sami religion were more intensely persecuted than before by Christian missionaries, and several Sami were persecuted for sorcery because they practiced the Sami religion. [2]
A sacred natural site is a natural feature or a large area of land or water having special spiritual significance to peoples and communities. [1] Sacred natural sites consist of all types of natural features including mountains, hills, forests, groves, trees, rivers, lakes, lagoons, caves, islands and springs.