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Philips' Planisphere, ca. 1900. In astronomy, a planisphere (/ ˈ p l eɪ. n ɪ ˌ s f ɪər, ˈ p l æ n. ɪ-/) is a star chart analog computing instrument in the form of two adjustable disks that rotate on a common pivot. It can be adjusted to display the visible stars for any time and date.
Al-Fazārī translated many scientific books into Arabic and Persian.He is credited to have built the first astrolabe in the Islamic world. [5] He died in 796 or 806, possibly in Baghdad.
An astrolabe is essentially a plane (two-dimensional) version of an armillary sphere, which had already been invented in the Hellenistic period and probably been used by Hipparchus to produce his star catalogue. Theon of Alexandria (c. 335–405) wrote a detailed treatise on the astrolabe. [9]
1577–80 – Taqi al-Din invents a mechanical astronomical clock that measures time in seconds, one of the most important innovations in 16th-century practical astronomy, as previous clocks were not accurate enough to be used for astronomical purposes. [13] 1577–80 – Taqi al-Din invents framed sextant [13]
The date of drawing was formerly estimated at c. 992–994 CE, based on suggested links to the journey of Archbishop Sigeric of Canterbury from Rome [25] but more recent analysis indicates that, although the information was revised about that time, the map was probably drawn between 1025 and 1050. [26]
A star chart drawn 5000 years ago by the Indians in Kashmir, which also depict a supernova for the first time in human history. [7] The Nebra sky disk , a 30 cm wide bronze disk dated to 1600 BC, bears gold symbols generally interpreted as a sun or full moon, a lunar crescent, several stars including the Pleiades cluster and possibly the Milky Way.
Mercator's 1569 map was a large planisphere, [3] i.e. a projection of the spherical Earth onto the plane. It was printed in eighteen separate sheets from copper plates engraved by Mercator himself. [4]
It has a concentric dial showing the 24-hour time, the date and zodiac, and the moon phase, and a star map dial with a dragon hand, and indicates the time of sunrise and sunset. [19] Třebíč. At the Třebíč Astronomical Observatory, a modern astronomical clock which shows the time in world cities, the time of sunrise and sunset, the date ...