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Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a condition that occurs when the bundle of nerves below the end of the spinal cord known as the cauda equina is damaged. [2] Signs and symptoms include low back pain, pain that radiates down the leg, numbness around the anus, and loss of bowel or bladder control. [1] Onset may be rapid or gradual. [1]
In contrast, the venous stasis theory proposes that a combination of low oxygen levels and metabolite buildup are responsible due to venous backup at the cauda equina. [7] Pain with walking may be partially explained by the corresponding increase in nerve root oxygen requirements.
Saddle anesthesia is a loss of sensation restricted to the area of the buttocks, perineum and inner surfaces of the thighs.. Asymmetric saddle anesthesia is frequently associated with the spine-related injury cauda equina syndrome. [1]
Cauda equina syndrome, a rare disorder affecting the bundle of nerve roots (cauda equina) at the lower (lumbar) end of the spinal cord, is a surgical emergency. [3] Cauda equina syndrome occurs when the nerve roots in the lumbar spine are compressed, disrupting sensation and movement. [4]
[3] [60] For chronic sciatica, the evidence supporting spinal manipulation as treatment is poor. [60] Spinal manipulation has been found generally safe for the treatment of disc-related pain; however, case reports have found an association with cauda equina syndrome, [61] and it is contraindicated when there are progressive neurological ...
Disuse atrophy of the muscle occurs i.e., shrinkage of muscle fibre finally replaced by fibrous tissue (fibrous muscle) Other causes include Guillain–Barré syndrome, West Nile fever, C. botulism, polio, and cauda equina syndrome; another common cause of lower motor neuron degeneration is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Dural ectasia is common in Marfan syndrome, [3] occurring in 63–92% of people with the syndrome. [11] It may also occur in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome , neurofibromatosis type I , [ 12 ] ankylosing spondylitis , [ 1 ] and is associated with spondylolisthesis , vertebral fractures, [ 13 ] scoliosis , tumors or trauma .
Cauda equina syndrome should be investigated in case of saddle anesthesia, loss of bladder or bowel control, or leg weakness. [3] Cancer should be suspected if there is previous history of cancer, unexplained weight loss, or low-back pain that does not decrease by lying down or is unremitting. [3]