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Indian Ocean trade has been a key factor in East–West exchanges throughout history. Long-distance maritime trade by Austronesian trade ships and South Asian and Middle Eastern dhows, made it a dynamic zone of interaction between peoples, cultures, and civilizations stretching from Southeast Asia to East and Southeast Africa, and the East Mediterranean in the West, in prehistoric and early ...
Indian maritime history begins during the 3rd millennium BCE when inhabitants of the Indus Valley initiated maritime trading contact with Mesopotamia. [1] India's long coastline, which occurred due to the protrusion of India's Deccan Plateau, helped it to make new trade relations with the Europeans, especially the Greeks, and the length of its coastline on the Indian Ocean is partly a reason ...
Austronesian proto-historic and historic (Maritime Silk Road) maritime trade network in Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean [1]. The Maritime Silk Road or Maritime Silk Route is the maritime section of the historic Silk Road that connected Southeast Asia, East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian Peninsula, eastern Africa, and Europe.
The Cape Route from Europe to the Indian Ocean via the Cape of Good Hope was pioneered by the Portuguese explorer navigator Vasco da Gama in 1498, resulting in new maritime routes for trade. [7] This trade, which drove world trade from the end of the Middle Ages well into the Renaissance, [5] ushered in an age of European domination in the East ...
Much of the Radhanites' Indian Ocean trade would have depended on coastal cargo-ships such as this dhow. Navigation was known in Sumer between the 4th and the 3rd millennium BCE. [7] The Egyptians had trade routes through the Red Sea, importing spices from the "Land of Punt" (East Africa) and from Arabia. [11]
Their trade network covered much of Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and parts of India and China. Only a limited number of primary sources use the term, and it remains unclear whether they referred to a specific guild , to a clan , or generically to Jewish merchants in the trans- Eurasian trade network.
Indian connections to various Southeast Asian states buffered it from blockages on other routes. [31] By making use of the maritime trade routes, bulk commodity trade became possible for the Romans in the 2nd century BC. [32] A Roman trading vessel could span the Mediterranean in a month at one-sixtieth the cost of over-land routes. [33
In all, Europeans traders exported 567,900–733,200 slaves within the Indian Ocean between 1500 and 1850, and almost that same number were exported from the Indian Ocean to the Americas during the same period. The slave trade in the Indian Ocean was, nevertheless, very limited compared to c. 12,000,000 slaves exported across the Atlantic.