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Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the structure and/or function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [ 1 ] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ .
Yearly thyroid function tests are recommended in people with Down syndrome, as they are at higher risk of thyroid disease. [62] Guidelines for England and Wales from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend testing for thyroid disease in people with type 1 diabetes and new-onset atrial fibrillation, and suggests ...
The fetal immune cells in the maternal thyroid gland may become activated and act as a trigger that may initiate or exaggerate the autoimmune thyroid disease. In Hashimoto's disease patients, fetal microchimeric cells were detected in thyroid in significantly higher numbers than in healthy females.
The disease has a natural history of four phases: thyroid pain, thyrotoxicosis, euthyroid phase, hypothyroid phase, and recovery euthyroid phase. De Quervain's thyroiditis has been linked to various diseases, including mumps , adenovirus , and enterovirus .
After long-term heavy strain, levels of thyroid hormones decrease. [2] This is exacerbated by other stressors such as undernutrition and lack of sleep, such as in a military training setting. During endurance exercise, before exhaustion, elevated thyroid hormone levels may happen due to increased expected energy demand (type 2 allostatic load). [2]
One way to identify Ord's Thyroiditis is by checking for an atrophied thyroid gland as this is the main symptom of the diseases. Checking for functional hypothyroidism can help identify if atrophic thyroiditis is present as functional hypothyroidism is associated with and can be caused by Ord's Thyroiditis.
[7] [8] In 1926 the Japanese physician Tetsushiro Shinosaki, from Fukuoka, observed the high rate of thyroid disease in Japanese people with periodic paralysis. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The first English-language report, in 1931, originated from Dunlap and Kepler, physicians at the Mayo Clinic ; they described the condition in a patient with features of ...
The American Thyroid Association (ATA) is a professional organization of over 1700 medical specialists devoted to thyroid biology and to the prevention and treatment of thyroid disease through excellence in research, clinical care, education, and public health.