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Diagram showing lap and lead and their relation to valve travel. When on the move, a steam locomotive requires steam to enter the cylinder at precise times relative to the piston's position. [3] This entails controlling the admission and exhaust of steam to and from the cylinders with a valve linked to the motion of the piston. [3]
Collects steam at the top of the boiler (well above the water level) so that it can be fed to the engine via the main steam pipe, or dry pipe, and the regulator/throttle valve. [2] [5] [6]: 211–212 [3]: 26 Air pump / Air compressor Westinghouse pump (US+) Powered by steam, it compresses air for operating the train air brake system.
Deeley valve gear - fitted to several express locomotives on the Midland Railway. The combination levers were driven, as normal, from the crossheads. Each expansion link was driven from the crosshead on the opposite side of the engine. Young valve gear - used the piston rod motion on one side of the locomotive to drive the valve gear on the ...
The cylinder is made pressure-tight with end covers and a piston; a valve distributes the steam to the ends of the cylinder. Cylinders were initially cast iron , but later made of steel . The cylinder casting includes other features such as (in the case of Stephenson's Rocket ) valve ports and mounting feet. [ 1 ]
One is a steam piston to move the rod as required. The other, containing oil, holds the rod in a fixed position when the steam is turned off. Control is by a small three-way steam valve (“forward”, “stop”, “back”) and a separate indicator showing the position of the rod and thus the percentage of cutoff in use.
The main moving parts of a steam locomotive with Walschaerts valve gear: 1 - Link, 2 - Eccentric crank, 3 - Radius rod, 4 - Lap/lead lever, 5 - Crosshead, 6 - Valve, 7 - Cylinder, 8 - Reach rod. A detailed animation of the exterior working parts of a steam locomotive. This animation is from the commons, and is already a featured picture there..
The Walschaerts valve gear is a type of valve gear used to regulate the flow of steam to the pistons in steam locomotives, invented by Belgian railway engineer Egide Walschaerts in 1844. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The gear is sometimes named without the final "s", [ a ] since it was incorrectly patented under that name.
The steam locomotive exhaust system consists of those parts of a steam locomotive which together discharge exhaust steam from the cylinders in order to increase the draught through the fire. It usually consists of the blastpipe (or first stage nozzle), smokebox , and chimney , although later designs also include second and third stage nozzles.