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Verbal arithmetic, also known as alphametics, cryptarithmetic, cryptarithm or word addition, is a type of mathematical game consisting of a mathematical equation among unknown numbers, whose digits are represented by letters of the alphabet.
The prerequisite to addition in the decimal system is the fluent recall or derivation of the 100 single-digit "addition facts". One could memorize all the facts by rote , but pattern-based strategies are more enlightening and, for most people, more efficient: [ 36 ]
The exception occurs when the original number has a digital root of 9, whose digit sum is itself, and therefore will not be cast out by taking further digit sums. The number 12565, for instance, has digit sum 1+2+5+6+5 = 19, which, in turn, has digit sum 1+9=10, which, in its turn has digit sum 1+0=1, a single-digit number.
BTDigg was founded by Nina Evseenko in January 2011. The site is also available via the I2P network and Tor.In March–April 2011, several new features were introduced, among them web plugin to search with one click, qBittorrent plugin, showing torrent info-hash as QR code picture, torrent fakes and duplicates detection, and charts of the popular torrents in soft real-time.
On 5 January 1975, the 12-bit field that had been used for dates in the TOPS-10 operating system for DEC PDP-10 computers overflowed, in a bug known as "DATE75". The field value was calculated by taking the number of years since 1964, multiplying by 12, adding the number of months since January, multiplying by 31, and adding the number of days since the start of the month; putting 2 12 − 1 ...
This is known as the commutative property of addition. (a + b) and (b + a) produce the same output. [7] [8] The sum of two numbers is unique; there is only one correct answer for a sums. [8] When the sum of a pair of digits results in a two-digit number, the "tens" digit is referred to as the "carry digit". [9]
The concept of a decimal digit sum is closely related to, but not the same as, the digital root, which is the result of repeatedly applying the digit sum operation until the remaining value is only a single digit. The decimal digital root of any non-zero integer will be a number in the range 1 to 9, whereas the digit sum can take any value.
Additive number theory is the subfield of number theory concerning the study of subsets of integers and their behavior under addition.More abstractly, the field of additive number theory includes the study of abelian groups and commutative semigroups with an operation of addition.