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Pressure is measured in the SI unit of pascals (Pa). Average ground pressure can be calculated using the standard formula for average pressure: P = F/A. [2] In an idealised case, i.e. a static, uniform net force normal to level ground, this is simply the object's weight divided by contact area.
The CGS unit of pressure is the barye (Ba), equal to 1 dyn·cm −2, or 0.1 Pa. Pressure is sometimes expressed in grams-force or kilograms-force per square centimetre ("g/cm 2" or "kg/cm 2") and the like without properly identifying the force units. But using the names kilogram, gram, kilogram-force, or gram-force (or their symbols) as units ...
Pressure in water and air. Pascal's law applies for fluids. Pascal's principle is defined as: A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed incompressible fluid at rest is transmitted equally and undiminished to all points in all directions throughout the fluid, and the force due to the pressure acts at right angles to the enclosing walls.
Its value at any given location within the fluid is the product of the fluid density (ρ), the depth (d), and the forces applied by gravity (g) plus any background pressures, such as atmospheric pressure. Hydrostatic pressure on surfaces surrounding (or within) fluid volumes can be represented by the pressure prism, a useful visualization ...
q is the dynamic pressure in pascals (i.e., N/m 2, ρ (Greek letter rho) is the fluid mass density (e.g. in kg/m 3), and; u is the flow speed in m/s. It can be thought of as the fluid's kinetic energy per unit volume. For incompressible flow, the dynamic pressure of a fluid is the difference between its total pressure and static pressure.
The formula is also common in the pipeline industry to verify that pipe used for gathering, transmission, and distribution lines can safely withstand operating pressures. The design factor is multiplied by the resulting pressure which gives the maximum operating pressure (MAOP) for the pipeline.
is pressure head (which is actually a length, typically in units of meters or centimetres of water) is fluid pressure (i.e. force per unit area, typically expressed in pascals) is the specific weight (i.e. force per unit volume, typically expressed in N/m 3 units)
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