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Mustard gas was introduced as a chemical weapon by the Germans in 1917, during World War I. Soon after its introduction to the battlefield, France and Great Britain developed their own mustard gas capabilities.
Mustard gas was originally assigned the name LOST, after the scientists Wilhelm Lommel and Wilhelm Steinkopf, who developed a method of large-scale production for the Imperial German Army in 1916. [30] Mustard gas was dispersed as an aerosol in a mixture with other chemicals, giving it a
Mustard gas, a potent blistering agent, was dubbed King of the Battle Gases. Like phosgene, its effects are not immediate. It has a potent smell; some say it reeks of garlic, gasoline, rubber, or dead horses.
The Germans were the first to use phosgene in battle, but the Allies made it their primary chemical weapon later in the war. Mustard gas was an entirely new kind of killer chemical.
By the end of the war, the Germans were using mustard gas on Allied troops, but improvements in gas masks and filters for various chemicals enabled the Allies to adapt.
This type of chemical warfare agent is called a vesicant or blistering agent. Sulfur mustard is known as "mustard gas," "mustard agent," or by the military designation "H" or "HD." Traits of mustard gas include: Solid at less than 58° Fahrenheit. Oily-textured liquid at room temperature.
The gas was used for the first time as an agent of chemical warfare during World War I (1914 – 1918), when it was distributed with devastating effect near Ypres in Flanders (Belgium) on July 12, 1917. The synthesis of mustard gas was reported much earlier than its first use as a chemical weapon.
Mustard gas is a chemical warfare agent developed during World War I. Learn how mustard gas affected soldiers and armies used mustard gas.
The introduction of mustard gas however was a gamble for Germany. A physicist at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, Wilhelm Westphal, claimed that when Haber described mustard gas to General Ludendorff, he warned against its use unless the war was certain to be won within the year.
The most commonly used gas in WWI was ‘mustard gas’ [bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide]. In pure liquid form this is colorless, but in WWI impure forms were used, which had a mustard color with an odor reminiscent of garlic or horseradish.