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When cancer has affected already one breast, the other breast, still healthy, may be removed in a unilateral preventive mastectomy. Typically either a simple, a subcutaneous or a nipple-sparing mastectomy is performed. With the former the areola and nipple are removed, while the other two approaches preserve the nipple area for cosmetic reasons.
Mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely. A mastectomy is usually carried out to treat breast cancer. [1][2] In some cases, women believed to be at high risk of breast cancer have the operation as a preventive measure. [1] Alternatively, some women can choose to have a wide local ...
Radical mastectomy is a surgical procedure that treats breast cancer by removing the breast and its underlying chest muscle (including pectoralis major and pectoralis minor), and lymph nodes of the axilla (armpit). Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. During the early twentieth century it was primarily treated by surgery, when ...
The mainstay of breast cancer management is surgery for the local and regional tumor, followed (or preceded) by a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine (hormone) therapy, and targeted therapy. Research is ongoing for the use of immunotherapy in breast cancer management. Management of breast cancer is undertaken by a ...
Breast cancer predominantly affects women; less than 1% of those with breast cancer are men. [153] Women can develop breast cancer as early as adolescence, but risk increases with age, and 75% of cases are in women over 50 years old. [153] The risk over a woman's lifetime is approximately 1.5% at age 40, 3% at age 50, and more than 4% risk at ...
Shearer underwent a double mastectomy, surgery for necrosis, and several rounds of chemotherapy, radiation, and hormone therapy, all by November 2022. In June 2024, she had her ovaries removed.
Breast prostheses are most commonly used after a mastectomy, usually a consequence of cancer. They are often molded to mimic the natural shape of a woman's breast and can either be used temporarily or for long-term use as an alternative to, or prior to surgical breast reconstruction. Depending on the type of mastectomy performed, progress of ...
People may pursue chest reconstruction, also known as top surgery, as part of transitioning. The removal of breast tissue in chest reconstruction is a type of mastectomy called a subcutaneous (under the skin) mastectomy. This type of mastectomy removes tissue from inside the breast (subcutaneous tissue), as well as excess skin. The surgeon then ...