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Café au lait spot characteristic of NF1 Diagnostic criteria of neurofibromatosis type I, requiring at least 2 of the mentioned items. [6]The following is a list of conditions and complications associated with NF-1, and, where available, age range of onset and progressive development, occurrence percentage of NF-1 population, method of earliest diagnosis, and treatments and related medical ...
Selumetinib. Selumetinib (INN), [ 13 ] sold under the brand name Koselugo, is a medication for the treatment of children, two years of age and older, with neurofibromatosis type I (NF-1), a genetic disorder of the nervous system causing tumors to grow on nerves. [ 14 ] It is taken by mouth.
Neurofibromatosis type I is the most common of the three types and is caused by genetic changes in the NF1 gene located on chromosome 17 (17q11.2). This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein known the neurofibromin, which functions as a tumor suppressor and therefore serves as a signal regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation.
Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a gene in humans that is located on chromosome 17. [5] [6] [7] NF1 codes for neurofibromin, a GTPase-activating protein that negatively regulates RAS/MAPK pathway activity by accelerating the hydrolysis of Ras -bound GTP. [5] [6] [8] NF1 has a high mutation rate and mutations in NF1 can alter cellular growth control ...
NF1 was cloned in 1990 [11][12] and its product neurofibromin was identified in 1992. [13][14][15] [16] Neurofibromin, a GTPase-activating protein, primarily regulates the protein Ras. [17] NF1 is located on the long arm of chromosome 17, position q11.2 [7] NF1 spans over 350- kb of genomic DNA and contains 62 exons.
A neurofibroma is a benign nerve-sheath tumor in the peripheral nervous system. In 90% of cases, they are found as stand-alone tumors (solitary neurofibroma, solitary nerve sheath tumor[1] or sporadic neurofibroma[1]), while the remainder are found in persons with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), an autosomal-dominant genetically inherited disease.
Treatment is mainly surgical; radiotherapy or chemotherapy is usually an indication of relapse. [clarification needed] Head and neck desmoid fibromatosis is a serious condition due to local aggression, specific anatomical patterns and the high rate of relapse. For children surgery is particularly difficult, given the potential for growth disorders.
Patient response to treatment will vary based on age, health, and the tolerance to medications and therapies. Metastasis occurs in about 39% of patients, most commonly to the lung. Features associated with poor prognosis include a large primary tumor (over 5 cm across), high grade disease, co-existent neurofibromatosis, and the presence of ...