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3.2 Components of a scientific paper. Nearly all journal articles are divided into the following major sections: abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, and references or literature cited. Usually the sections are labeled as such, although often the introduction (and sometimes the abstract) is not labeled.
Parts of a Scientific & Scholarly Paper. Different sections are needed in different types of scientific papers (lab reports, literature reviews, systematic reviews, methods papers, research papers, etc.). Projects that overlap with the social sciences or humanities may have different requirements. Generally, however, you'll need to include:
Usually includes 4 sections: (corresponds with each of the paper sections) Background/Objectives: include the hypothesis; Methods: Briefly explain the type of study, sample/population size and description, the design, and any particular techniques for data collection and analysis
Academic papers are like hourglasses. The paper opens at its widest point; the introduction makes broad connections to the reader's interests, hoping they will be persuaded to follow along, then gradually narrows to a tight, focused, thesis statement.
1. Background. Every researcher has been face to face with a blank page at some stage of their career, wondering where to start and what to write first. Describing one's research work in a format that is comprehensible to others, and acceptable for publication is no easy task.
Write four components, probably (but not necessarily) in four paragraphs: context, need, task, and object of the document. First, provide some context to orient those readers...
This chapter explains the parts of a typical scientific docu- ment, how to structure these parts into a well-organized document, and how to write each part to effectively communicate the science.
This chapter explains the parts of a typical scientific document, how to structure these parts into a well-organized document, and how to write each part to effectively communicate the science. Download to read the full chapter text.
Scientific papers are meant to contribute knowledge to a field of study. Both are generally broken down into eight sections: title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, conclusion, and references.
The component parts of a scientific paper are reviewed: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgment, and Literature Cited; and, with quoted material, inappropriate language use is illustrated.