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The posterior chain is a group of muscles on the posterior of the body. Examples of these muscles include the hamstrings , [ 1 ] the gluteus maximus , [ 1 ] erector spinae [ 1 ] muscle group, trapezius , and posterior deltoids .
A spinal nerve splits within the intervertebral foramen to form a dorsal ramus and a ventral ramus. The dorsal ramus then turns to course posterior-ward before splitting into a medial branch and a lateral branch. Both these branches provide motor innervation to deep back muscles. In the neck and upper back, the medial branch is also responsible ...
Somatic afferent. 3,4,5. Sympathetic efferent. 6,7. Autonomic afferent. Diagram of the course and branches of a typical intercostal nerve. (Rami communicantes labeled at center.) Ramus communicans (pl.: rami communicantes) is the Latin term used for a nerve which connects two other nerves, and can be translated as "communicating branch".
The posterior divisions of the lower five cervical nerves divide into medial and lateral branches. The medial branches of the fourth and fifth run between the Semispinales cervicis and capitis, and, having reached the spinous processes, pierce the Splenius and Trapezius to end in the skin. Sometimes the branch of the fifth fails to reach the skin.
Function. The sympathetic trunk is a fundamental part of the sympathetic nervous system, and part of the autonomic nervous system. It allows nerve fibres to travel to spinal nerves that are superior and inferior to the one in which they originated. Also, a number of nerves, such as most of the splanchnic nerves, arise directly from the trunks.
Anatomical terminology. [edit on Wikidata] The sympathetic ganglia, or paravertebral ganglia, are autonomic ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. Ganglia are 20,000 to 30,000 afferent and efferent nerve cell bodies that run along on either side of the spinal cord. Afferent nerve cell bodies bring information from the body to the brain and ...
Sectional organization of spinal cord. The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system. [3] [4] Much shorter than its protecting spinal column, the human spinal cord originates in the brainstem, passes through the foramen magnum, and continues through to the conus medullaris near the second lumbar vertebra before terminating in a fibrous ...
The dorsal root ganglion is the "spinal ganglion", following the dorsal root. A dorsal root ganglion (or spinal ganglion; also known as a posterior root ganglion[1]) is a cluster of neurons (a ganglion) in a dorsal root of a spinal nerve. The cell bodies of sensory neurons known as first-order neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia.