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Gold(III) chloride is the starting point for the chemical synthesis of many other gold compounds. For example, the reaction with potassium cyanide produces the water-soluble complex, K[Au(CN) 4]: [20] AuCl 3 + 4 KCN → K[Au(CN) 4] + 3 KCl. Gold(III) fluoride can be also produced from gold(III) chloride by reacting it with bromine trifluoride. [15]
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
When heated with water, the compound dispropotionates to metallic gold and gold(III) chloride in an autoredox reaction: 3 AuCl → 2 Au + AuCl 3. At still higher temperatures, around 500 °C, all gold chlorides convert to gold. This conversion is key to the Miller process, which is widely used for the purification of gold. [2]
Au(III) (referred to as the auric) is a common oxidation state, and is illustrated by gold(III) chloride, Au 2 Cl 6. The gold atom centers in Au(III) complexes, like other d 8 compounds, are typically square planar, with chemical bonds that have both covalent and ionic character. Gold(I,III) chloride is also known, an example of a mixed-valence ...
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Phase behavior Triple point? K (? °C), ? Pa Critical point? K (? °C), ? Pa Std enthalpy change of fusionΔ fus H o? kJ/mol Std entropy change of fusionΔ fus S oJ/(mol·K)
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Single crystals of gold(I,III) chloride are triclinic with a P 1 space group and consist of discrete Au 4 Cl 8 molecules with idealised C 2h symmetry. [1] Within this the Au(I) centers are linearly coordinated with a Cl-Au-Cl bond angle of 175.0° (close to the ideal value of 180°) and an average bond length of 2.30 Å.