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Ibid. is an abbreviation for the Latin word ibīdem, meaning ' in the same place ', commonly used in an endnote, footnote, bibliography citation, or scholarly reference to refer to the source cited in the preceding note or list item. This is similar to idem, literally meaning ' the same ', abbreviated id., which is commonly used in legal ...
Latin was once the universal academic language in Europe. From the 18th century, authors started using their mother tongues to write books, papers or proceedings. Even when Latin fell out of use, many Latin abbreviations continued to be used due to their precise simplicity and Latin's status as a learned language. [citation needed]
Latin Translation Notes I, Vitelli, dei Romani sono belli: Go, O Vitellius, at the war sound of the Roman god: Perfectly correct Latin sentence usually reported as funny by modern Italians because the same exact words, in Italian, mean "Romans' calves are beautiful", which has a ridiculously different meaning. ibidem (ibid.) in the same place
Meaning [1] Latin (or Neo-Latin) origin [1] a.c. before meals: a.d., ad, AD right ear auris dextra a.m., am, AM morning: ante meridiem: nocte every night Omne Nocte
Op. cit. is contrasted with ibid., an abbreviation of the Latin adverb ibidem, meaning "in the same place; in that very place" [3] [4] which refers the reader to the title of the work in the preceding footnote. The easily confused idem (sometimes abbreviated id.
Loc. cit. (Latin, short for loco citato, meaning "in the place cited") is a footnote or endnote term used to repeat the title and page number for a given work (and author). Loc. cit. is used in place of ibid. when the reference is not only to the work immediately preceding, but also refers to the same page.
Ibid or Ibid. is a Latin abbreviation used in scholarly writing, meaning "the same place". It can also refer to: "Ibid" (short story), a 1927/28 short story by H. P. Lovecraft; Ibid: A Life, a 2004 novel by Mark Dunn; Ion beam-induced deposition, a process of decomposing gaseous molecules by focused ion beam
idem is a Latin term meaning "the same". It is commonly abbreviated as id., which is particularly used in legal citations to denote the previously cited source (compare ibid.). It is also used in academic citations to replace the name of a repeated author.