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  2. Ampère's circuital law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampère's_circuital_law

    Media related to Ampere's law at Wikimedia Commons; MISN-0-138 Ampere's Law by Kirby Morgan for Project PHYSNET. MISN-0-145 The Ampere–Maxwell Equation; Displacement Current (PDF file) by J. S. Kovacs for Project PHYSNET. A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field Maxwell's paper of 1864

  3. Ampère's force law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampère's_force_law

    In magnetostatics, the force of attraction or repulsion between two current-carrying wires (see first figure below) is often called Ampère's force law. The physical origin of this force is that each wire generates a magnetic field , following the Biot–Savart law , and the other wire experiences a magnetic force as a consequence, following ...

  4. Electric current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current

    For a steady flow of charge through a surface, the current I (in amperes) can be calculated with the following equation: =, where Q is the electric charge transferred through the surface over a time t. If Q and t are measured in coulombs and seconds respectively, I is in amperes.

  5. Displacement current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Displacement_current

    When it came to deriving the electromagnetic wave equation from displacement current in his 1865 paper 'A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field', he got around the problem of the non-zero divergence associated with Gauss's law and dielectric displacement by eliminating the Gauss term and deriving the wave equation exclusively for the ...

  6. Classical electromagnetism and special relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_electromagnetism...

    The first equation listed above corresponds to both Gauss's Law (for β = 0) and the Ampère-Maxwell Law (for β = 1, 2, 3). The second equation corresponds to the two remaining equations, Gauss's law for magnetism (for β = 0) and Faraday's Law (for β = 1, 2, 3).

  7. Maxwell's equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell's_equations

    Maxwell's equations on a plaque on his statue in Edinburgh. Maxwell's equations, or Maxwell–Heaviside equations, are a set of coupled partial differential equations that, together with the Lorentz force law, form the foundation of classical electromagnetism, classical optics, electric and magnetic circuits.

  8. Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_descriptions...

    The source free equations can be written by the action of the exterior derivative on this 2-form. But for the equations with source terms (Gauss's law and the Ampère-Maxwell equation), the Hodge dual of this 2-form is needed. The Hodge star operator takes a p-form to a (n − p)-form, where n is the number of dimensions.

  9. Ampere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere

    As of the 2019 revision of the SI, the ampere is defined by fixing the elementary charge e to be exactly 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C, [6] [9] which means an ampere is an electric current equivalent to 10 19 elementary charges moving every 1.602 176 634 seconds or 6.241 509 074 × 10 18 elementary charges moving in a second.