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Perioperative mortality has been defined as any death, regardless of cause, occurring within 30 days after surgery in or out of the hospital. [ 1 ] Globally, 4.2 million people are estimated to die within 30 days of surgery each year. [ 2 ] An important consideration in the decision to perform any surgical procedure is to weigh the benefits ...
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a kidney cancer that originates in the lining of the proximal convoluted tubule, a part of the very small tubes in the kidney that transport primary urine. RCC is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults, responsible for approximately 90–95% of cases. [ 1 ] It is more common in men (with a male-to-female ...
Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney. [ 4 ] Symptoms may include blood in the urine, a lump in the abdomen, or back pain. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Fever, weight loss, and tiredness may also occur. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Complications can include spread to the lungs or brain. [ 6 ]
Model representing kidney disease. Though the odds of getting kidney cancer are rare (about a 1% chance for women and a 2% chance for men), the number of new diagnoses has been on the rise in ...
PAS stain. Renal biopsy (also kidney biopsy) is a medical procedure in which a small piece of kidney is removed from the body for examination, usually under a microscope. [ 1 ] Microscopic examination of the tissue can provide information needed to diagnose, monitor or treat problems of the kidney. A renal biopsy can be targeted to a particular ...
Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome comprising the signs and symptoms that occur secondary to neuroendocrine tumors (formerly known as carcinoid tumors). [1] The syndrome is caused by neuroendocrine tumors most often found in the gut releasing biologically active substances into the blood causing symptoms such as flushing and diarrhea, and less frequently, heart failure, vomiting ...
Acute kidney injury. Pathologic kidney specimen showing marked pallor of the cortex, contrasting to the darker areas of surviving medullary tissue. The patient died with acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), [ 1 ][ 2 ] is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within 7 days, [ 3 ...
A nephrostomy or percutaneous nephrostomy is an artificial opening created between the kidney and the skin which allows for the urinary diversion directly from the upper part of the urinary system (renal pelvis). [ 2 ] It is an interventional radiology / surgical procedure in which the renal pelvis is punctured whilst using imaging as guidance.