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Marabi is a style of music and dance form that evolved and emerged in South Africa between the 1890s and 1920s. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] The early part of the century saw the increasing urbanisation of black South Africans in mining centres such as the gold mining area around Johannesburg - the Witwatersrand. This led to the development of township ...
The South African Music Encyclopedia (Suid-Afrikaanse Musiekensiklopedie, or SAME) is an encyclopedia of South (ern) African musicians and music. Its four volumes were published in 1979, [1] 1982, [2] 1984, [3] and 1986 [4] under the editorship of Afrikaans music scholar Jacques Philip Malan in both English and Afrikaans.
Township music (also township jazz) is any of various music genres created by black people living in poor, racially segregated urban areas of South Africa ("townships") during the 20th century. The principal genres of township music are mbaqanga , kwela , and marabi .
One of the first major bebop groups in South Africa in the 1950s was the Jazz Epistles. [2] This group consisted of trombonist Jonas Gwangwa, trumpeter Hugh Masekela, saxophonist Kippie Moeketsi, and pianist Abdullah Ibrahim (then known as Dollar Brand). This group brought the sounds of United States bebop, created by artists such as Dizzy ...
One notable example of Carstens's engagement with racial dynamics in his music is evident in the track "Africa," featuring the Three Petersen Brothers with Nico Carstens's orchestra. The song opens with a depiction of blackness through imitative whistling and vocal impersonations, set against a backdrop of kwela beats and Zulu street guitar.
Boeremusiek (Afrikaans: ‘Boer music’ or 'Farmer's music') is a predominantly instrumental form of folk music that originated in South Africa. Initially intended to accompany informal social dancing, Boeremusiek developed through a fusion of European, African, and American musical traditions. While it remains a symbol of white Afrikaans ...
The music originated in "female gourd-resonated monochord songs that were transferred and given an acoustic life on guitar". [5] The roots of what is today called maskandi have been traced back to non-guitar based forms of music in the 1920s, with the shift to guitar beginning in Rhodesia in the 1930s with a group of musicians inspired by the music in Western films. [6]
The African Jazz Pioneers is a South African group that espouses the music of the 1950s, fusing big band jazz with township marabi sounds. Band leader and saxophonist Bra Ntemi Piliso, who wrote most of the Pioneers' songs, opened the field of composition to the band's younger musicians. [3]