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2. Parshall flume - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parshall_flume

   The Parshall flume is an open channel flow-metering device that was developed to measure the flow of surface water and irrigation flow. The Parshall flume is a modified version of the Venturi flume. Named after its creator, Dr. Ralph L. Parshall of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service, the Parshall flume is a fixed hydraulic structure used in ...

3. Water metering - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_metering

   Water metering is the practice of measuring water use. Water meters measure the volume of water used by residential and commercial building units that are supplied with water by a public water supply system. They are also used to determine flow through a particular portion of the system. In most of the world water meters are calibrated in cubic ...

4. Center-pivot irrigation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center-pivot_irrigation

   Center-pivot irrigation (sometimes called central pivot irrigation), also called water-wheel and circle irrigation, is a method of crop irrigation in which equipment rotates around a pivot and crops are watered with sprinklers. [ 1 ][ 2 ] A circular area centered on the pivot is irrigated, often creating a circular pattern in crops when viewed ...

5. Streamflow - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streamflow

   Streamflow, or channel runoff, is the flow of water in streams and other channels, and is a major element of the water cycle. It is one runoff component, the movement of water from the land to waterbodies, the other component being surface runoff. Water flowing in channels comes from surface runoff from adjacent hillslopes, from groundwater ...

6. Flume - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flume

   Some varieties of flumes are used in measuring water flow of a larger channel. When used to measure the flow of water in open channels, a flume is defined as a specially shaped, fixed hydraulic structure that under free-flow conditions forces flow to accelerate in such a manner that the flow rate through the flume can be characterized by a level-to-flow relationship as applied to a single head ...

7. Archimedes' screw - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_screw

   It is a reversible hydraulic machine, and there are several examples of Archimedes screw installations where the screw can operate at different times as either pump or generator, depending on needs for power and watercourse flow. As a machine used for lifting water from a low-lying body of water into irrigation ditches, water is lifted by ...