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  2. Race (human categorization) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_(human_categorization)

    t. e. Race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society. [ 1 ] The term came into common usage during the 16th century, when it was used to refer to groups of various kinds, including those characterized by close kinship relations. [ 2 ]

  3. Religious segregation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_segregation

    Religious segregation is the separation of people according to their religion. The term has been applied to cases of religious-based segregation which occurs as a social phenomenon, as well as segregation which arises from laws, whether they are explicit or implicit.

  4. Sociology of religion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology_of_religion

    Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology.This objective investigation may include the use both of quantitative methods (surveys, polls, demographic and census analysis) and of qualitative approaches (such as participant observation, interviewing, and analysis of archival ...

  5. Law of three stages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_three_stages

    Law of three stages. The law of three stages is an idea developed by Auguste Comte in his work The Course in Positive Philosophy. It states that society as a whole, and each particular science, develops through three mentally conceived stages: (1) the theological stage, (2) the metaphysical stage, and (3) the positive stage.

  6. Social inequality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_inequality

    Social inequality occurs when resources within a society are distributed unevenly, often as a result of inequitable allocation practices that create distinct unequal patterns based on socially defined categories of people. Differences in accessing social goods within society are influenced by factors like power, religion, kinship, prestige ...

  7. Social structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_structure

    e. In the social sciences, social structure is the aggregate of patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant of the actions of individuals. [1] Likewise, society is believed to be grouped into structurally related groups or sets of roles, with different functions, meanings, or purposes.

  8. Scientific racism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_racism

    v. t. e. Scientific racism, sometimes termed biological racism, is the pseudoscientific belief that the human species is divided into biologically distinct taxa called "races", [1][2][3] and that empirical evidence exists to support or justify racial discrimination, racial inferiority, or racial superiority. [4][5][6][7] Before the mid-20th ...

  9. Religion and health - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_and_health

    Religion and health. Scholarly studies have investigated the effects of religion on health. The World Health Organization (WHO) discerns four dimensions of health, namely physical, social, mental, and spiritual health. [1][2] Having a religious belief may have both positive and negative impacts on health and morbidity.