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The practice of breeding a mare through human assisted means, with no contact between the stallion and mare. It is done for many reasons, including to protect the two animals, to allow a mare to be bred to a stallion a long distance away, [1]: 11 or to allow a stallion to be bred to a larger number of mares than would be possible via natural cover.
Jan Fennell, "The dog listener", is an English dog trainer who applied the insights of Monty Roberts into horse behavior to the behavior of dogs. [1] [2]Her training method is based on the theory that dogs, being descended from wolves, fit the social model of the pack - an ordered hierarchy with a clearly defined leader.
A stallion is usually trained to mount a phantom (or dummy) mare, although a live mare may be used, and he is most commonly collected using an artificial vagina (AV) which is heated to simulate the vagina of the mare. The AV has a filter and collection area at one end to capture the semen, which can then be processed in a lab.
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In a harem model, the mares may "cycle" or achieve estrus more readily. Proponents of natural management also assert that mares are more likely to become pregnant in a natural herd setting. Some stallion managers keep a stallion with a mare herd year-round, others will only turn a stallion out with mares during the breeding season. [10]
The CI considers all the offspring of the stallion's mates and subtracts out their combined progeny. A stallion with a CI of 2.19 means that when his mares were mated with other sires, the mares produced offspring that averaged 2.19 times the average for the generation in question.
The horse's shoulders are long and sloping, the withers are prominent, and chests are medium to narrow in width. [8] The croup is generally sloped, and tail-set is low. [6] [8] The hooves are large and very hard. [8] Some Pryor Mountain mustangs exhibit a natural ambling gait. [8]
As training advances, some horses are prepared for competitive sports, up to the Olympic games, where horses are the only non-human animal athlete that is used at the Olympics. All equestrian disciplines from horse racing to draft horse showing require the horse to have specialized training. A human with a trained horse and a trained peregrine ...