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In response to negative land effects of coal mining and the abundance of abandoned mines in the US the federal government enacted the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, which requires reclamation plans for future coal mining sites. These plans must be approved by federal or state authorities before mining begins.
Mines without good safety culture were often lethal to the workers in centuries past, and although the per capita rates of injuries and deaths are lower in modern mining, they are still nonzero. Cave-ins are another significant risk. Even workers who survive the risks from gases and cave-ins face a risk of coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
Some mining methods (lithium mining, phosphate mining, coal mining, mountaintop removal mining, and sand mining) may have such significant environmental and public health effects that mining companies in some countries are required to follow strict environmental and rehabilitation codes to ensure that the mined area returns to its original ...
The collapse of an 11-story coal mining plant in Martin County left two workers trapped under the rubble as crews worked to free them Wednesday. One of the workers has since been confirmed dead ...
The same study highlights strong correlations between heavy coal mining counties and a greater risk of depression and severe psychological distress. [9] Areas in the Appalachia with coal surface mining exhibit greater rates of adverse health effects and reduced self-rated health in comparison to the national average. [1]
According to a 2021 University of Calgary Public Policy paper submitted to the Alberta Coal Policy Committee, which studied the implications of coal mining in the province, with a focus on the Eastern Slopes of the Rocky Mountains, in 2020/2021 coal mining royalty revenue in Alberta accounted for 0.4% of natural resource revenue. [77]
Coal mining in the Eastern Slopes of the Rocky Mountains poses significant threats to the water supply, impacting both water quality and quantity. [7] Open-pit coal mining leaches toxic elements, particularly selenium, into water sources. As of 2025, there is no proven effective method exists to prevent this contamination.
Coal-seam fires have been slowly shaping the lithosphere and changing atmosphere, but this pace has become faster and more extensive in modern times, triggered by mining. [5] Coal fires are a serious health and safety hazard, affecting the environment by releasing toxic fumes; reigniting grass, brush, or forest fires; and causing subsidence of ...