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Female genital mutilation (FGM) (also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision [a]) is the cutting or removal of some or all of the vulva for non-medical reasons. FGM prevalence varies worldwide, but is majorly present in some countries of Africa, Asia and Middle East, and within their ...
[2] [3] The procedure frequently occurs at the age of seven and involves "all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs.". [1] [4] The process is typically performed by a traditional practitioner using a knife or a blade and can range from Type I to Type IV.
Circumcision being performed in Central Asia, c. 1865–1872. Restored albumen print.. The Quran itself does not mention circumcision explicitly in any verse. [1] [4] [2] [7] In the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, both male and female circumcision were carried out by Pagan Arabian tribes, [1] [2] [7] and male circumcision was performed by the Jewish tribes of Arabia for religious reasons.
The reduction of the clitoral prepuce tissues usually is a sub-ordinate surgery within a labiaplasty procedure for reducing the labia minora; and occasionally within a vaginoplasty procedure. When these procedures are performed on individuals without their consent, they are considered a form of female genital mutilation .
It reported that 168,000 girls and women were at risk, with 48,000 under 18. [2] In 2004, the African Women's Health Center at Brigham and Women's Hospital and the PRC revamped these numbers with information from recent surveys and the 2000 U.S. census. [2] They reported 227,887 girls and women at risk in United States, with 62,519 under 18.
African survivors of female genital mutilation (FGM) said mental health services are their biggest need and urged governments and charities to provide support for dealing with long-term trauma.
The World Health Organization refers to female infibulation as Type III female genital mutilation. [2] Often called "pharaonic circumcision" (or farooni ) [ 3 ] in countries where it is practiced. It refers to the removal of the inner and outer labia and the suturing of the vulva .
According to Sayyid Sabiq, the author of Fiqh-us-Sunnah, all hadiths concerning female circumcision are non-authentic. [52] Senior Muslim religious authorities agree that FGM is neither required nor prohibited by Islam. [13] The Quran does not mention FGM or male circumcision.