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Female genital mutilation (FGM) (also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision [a]) is the cutting or removal of some or all of the vulva for non-medical reasons. FGM prevalence varies worldwide, but is majorly present in some countries of Africa, Asia and Middle East, and within their ...
[2] [3] The procedure frequently occurs at the age of seven and involves "all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs.". [1] [4] The process is typically performed by a traditional practitioner using a knife or a blade and can range from Type I to Type IV.
Circumcision being performed in Central Asia, c. 1865–1872. Restored albumen print.. The Quran itself does not mention circumcision explicitly in any verse. [1] [4] [2] [7] In the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, both male and female circumcision were carried out by Pagan Arabian tribes, [1] [2] [7] and male circumcision was performed by the Jewish tribes of Arabia for religious reasons.
The reduction of the clitoral prepuce tissues usually is a sub-ordinate surgery within a labiaplasty procedure for reducing the labia minora; and occasionally within a vaginoplasty procedure. When these procedures are performed on individuals without their consent, they are considered a form of female genital mutilation .
African survivors of female genital mutilation (FGM) said mental health services are their biggest need and urged governments and charities to provide support for dealing with long-term trauma.
Male circumcision is considered the oldest, most frequently performed surgery in the world, yet it remains controversial. According to Dr. Greg Marchand, an ob-gyn at the Marchand Institute for ...
The most common FGM procedure in Sudan is Type III, also known as "pharaonic circumcision" and referred to in surveys as "sewn closed". [4] This involves removal of the inner and/or outer labia, with or without removal of the clitoral glans, and fusion of the wound, leaving a small hole for the passage of urine and menstrual blood. [5]
World prevalence rates of FGM according to the 2020 Global Response report. Grey countries' data are not covered. The current prevalence of FGM in the US is uncertain. In early 2014, Equality Now campaigned with survivor and activist Jaha Dukureh, Representatives Joseph Crowley (D-NY) and Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX), and The Guardian to petition the Obama Administration to conduct a new ...