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The Late Pleistocene to the beginning of the Holocene saw the extinction of the majority of the world's megafauna (typically defined as animal species having body masses over 44 kilograms (97 lb)), [1] which resulted in a collapse in faunal density and diversity across the globe. [2] The extinctions during the Late Pleistocene are ...
The Late Pleistocene is an unofficial age in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, also known as the Upper Pleistocene from a stratigraphic perspective. It is intended to be the fourth division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period. It is currently defined as the time between c. 129,000 and c ...
Palaeolama species were relatives of modern Lamines that lived in the New World from the Pleistocene around 1.9 million years ago to potentially the Holocene epoch around 3,353–4,231 years cal. Before Present (BP). [2] [3] Fossil evidence suggests that it had a slender head, elongate snout, and stocky legs.
Hemiauchenia [1] is a genus of lamine camelids that evolved in North America in the Miocene period about 10 million years ago. This genus diversified and entered South America in the Late Pliocene about three to two million years ago, as part of the Great American Biotic Interchange. The genus became extinct at the end of the
Megalonychidae, along with all other mainland ground sloths became extinct in North and South America around the end of the Late Pleistocene, approximately 12,000 years ago, as part of the Quaternary extinction event following the arrival of humans to the Americas. [8]
It evolved during the Pliocene Epoch and became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene, living from ~5 million to ~13,000 years ago. [3] The type species , M. jeffersonii (also called Jefferson's ground sloth ), the youngest and largest known species, measured about 3 meters (9.8 ft) in length and weighed up to 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb).
The earliest species of the lineage appeared in North America during the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene, around 2 to 3 Ma. [ 3 ] [ 6 ] It became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene , around 12,000 years ago as part of the end-Pleistocene extinctions , along with most other large mammals in the Americas.
Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary extinction: 2 Ma: Possible causes include a supernova [7] [8] or the Eltanin impact [9] [10] Middle Miocene disruption: 14.5 Ma Climate change due to change of ocean circulation patterns. Milankovitch cycles may have also contributed [11] Paleogene: Eocene–Oligocene extinction event: 33.9 Ma