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Old map of Constantinople showing the location of the wall (border) of the city (Modern day Fatih) According to tradition, the city was founded as Byzantium by Greek colonists from the Attic town of Megara , led by the eponymous Byzas , around 658 BC. [ 1 ]
The seventh hill, known in Byzantine times as the Xērolophos (Greek: ξηρόλοφος), or "dry hill," it extends from Aksaray to the Theodosian Walls and the Marmara. It is a broad hill with three summits producing a triangle with apices at Topkapı, Aksaray, and Yedikule. It was divided from the rest of the city by the Lycus creek.
Map of Constantinople (1422) by Florentine cartographer Cristoforo Buondelmonti [44] is the oldest surviving map of the city, and the only one that predates the Turkish conquest of the city in 1453. The current Hagia Sophia was commissioned by Emperor Justinian I after the previous one was destroyed in the Nika riots of 532. It was converted ...
The ancient part of the city (the historic peninsula) is still partially surrounded by the Walls of Constantinople, erected in the 5th century by Emperor Theodosius II to protect the city from invasion. The architecture inside the city proper contains buildings and structures which came from Byzantine, Genoese, Ottoman, and modern Turkish ...
Air pollution in Turkey, such as fine dust from traffic, is a serious problem in Istanbul. [1] [2] Although the historic peninsula was partially pedestrianised in the early 21st century, [3] a 2015 study found that this is the part of the city which would benefit most from a low emission zone. [4]
A map of the city from a 17th-century copy of the Piri Reis book, Kitab-ı Bahriye refers to the city as Kostantiniyye (Walters Art Museum collection). North is at the bottom. The Prince Islands are at the top. The old city of Constantinople or Stamboul (modern-day Fatih) is on the right.
For these reasons, the researchers believe that the walls were instead a way to help the inhabitants of the region get around, essentially an ancient Mayan “Google Maps,” they said. The walls ...
Map showing Byzantine Constantinople and its walls during the 12th century. By the end of March, the combined Crusader armies were besieging Constantinople as Emperor Alexios V began to strengthen the city's defences while conducting more active operations outside the city.