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  2. Magnetosphere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetosphere

    The magnetosphere of Jupiter is the largest planetary magnetosphere in the Solar System, extending up to 7,000,000 kilometers (4,300,000 mi) on the dayside and almost to the orbit of Saturn on the nightside. [17] Jupiter's magnetosphere is stronger than Earth's by an order of magnitude, and its magnetic moment is approximately 18,000 times ...

  3. Stellar magnetic field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_magnetic_field

    The magnetosphere contains charged particles that are trapped from the stellar wind, which then move along these field lines. As the star rotates, the magnetosphere rotates with it, dragging along the charged particles. [13] As stars emit matter with a stellar wind from the photosphere, the magnetosphere creates a torque on the ejected matter.

  4. Plasmasphere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmasphere

    The plasmasphere, or inner magnetosphere, is a region of the Earth's magnetosphere consisting of low-energy (cool) plasma. It is located above the ionosphere . The outer boundary of the plasmasphere is known as the plasmapause , which is defined by an order of magnitude drop in plasma density.

  5. Magnetosphere of Saturn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetosphere_of_Saturn

    The magnetosphere of Saturn is the second–largest magnetosphere in the Solar System after that of Jupiter. [3] As with Earth's magnetosphere, the boundary separating the solar wind's plasma from that within Saturn's magnetosphere is called the magnetopause. [2]

  6. Magnetosphere particle motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetosphere_particle_motion

    For electrons: R g = (3.37/B) √ W ⊥. The velocity parallel to the field v // is not affected by the field, because no magnetic force exists in that direction. That velocity just stays constant (as long as the field does), and adding the two motions together gives a spiral around a central guiding field line.

  7. Magnetosphere of Jupiter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetosphere_of_Jupiter

    The magnetosphere of Jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by Jupiter's magnetic field.Extending up to seven million kilometers in the Sun's direction and almost to the orbit of Saturn in the opposite direction, Jupiter's magnetosphere is the largest and most powerful of any planetary magnetosphere in the Solar System, and by volume the largest known continuous structure in the Solar ...

  8. Atmosphere of Venus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Venus

    The maximum electron volume density (number of electrons in a unit of volume) of 3 × 10 11 m −3 is reached in the v2 layer near the subsolar point. [28] The upper boundary of the ionosphere (the ionopause) is located at altitudes 220–375 km and separates the plasma of the planetary origin from that of the induced magnetosphere.

  9. Magnetic reconnection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_reconnection

    Magnetic reconnection is a breakdown of "ideal-magnetohydrodynamics" and so of "Alfvén's theorem" (also called the "frozen-in flux theorem") which applies to large-scale regions of a highly-conducting magnetoplasma, for which the Magnetic Reynolds Number is very large: this makes the convective term in the induction equation dominate in such regions.