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In phraseology, a collocation is a type of compositional phraseme, meaning that it can be understood from the words that make it up. This contrasts with an idiom , where the meaning of the whole cannot be inferred from its parts, and may be completely unrelated.
Compounds are units of meaning formed with two or more words. The words are usually written separately, but some may be hyphenated or be written as one word. Often the meaning of the compound can be guessed by knowing the meaning of the individual words. It is not always simple to detach collocations and compounds. car park; post office; narrow ...
Collocations and compound words pretty much mean what they say. The latter two categories are hierarchical. COLLOCATIONS are more general because they can be either within or across syntactic categories e.g., "row a boat" and "commit suicide" include both verbs and noun or noun phrase; "crystal ball" is a noun phrase.
Repetition uses the same word, or synonyms, antonyms, etc. For example, "Which dress are you going to wear?" – "I will wear my green frock," uses the synonyms "dress" and "frock" for lexical cohesion. Collocation uses related words that typically go together or tend to repeat the same meaning. An example is the phrase "once upon a time".
Two descriptions and two definitions of the catena unit are now given. Catena (everyday description) Any single word or any combination of words that are linked together by dependencies. Catena (graph-theoretic description) In terms of graph theory, any syntactic tree or connected subgraph of a tree is a catena. Any individual element (word or ...
– into is a preposition that introduces the prepositional phrase into an old friend. d. She takes after her mother. – after is a preposition that introduces the prepositional phrase after her mother. e. Sam passes for a linguist. – for is a preposition that introduces the prepositional phrase for a linguist. f. You should stand by your ...
In the first meaning, his is coreferential; in the second, it is a bound variable because its reference varies over the set of all students. Coindex notation is commonly used for both cases. That is, when two or more expressions are coindexed, it does not signal whether one is dealing with coreference or a bound variable (or as in the last ...
A phraseme, also called a set phrase, fixed expression, multiword expression (in computational linguistics), or idiom, [1] [2] [3] [citation needed] is a multi-word or multi-morphemic utterance whose components include at least one that is selectionally constrained [clarification needed] or restricted by linguistic convention such that it is not freely chosen. [4]