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The diagram below (which if you’ve studied physics at high school you may recall is called a ray diagram) shows that when the rays of light from a distant object pass through a converging lens, they form an inverted image, which is reduced in size compared to the object.
The Galilean telescope (fig. 1) consists of a converging lens (plano-convex or biconvex) serving as objective, and a diverging lens (plano-concave or biconcave) serving as eyepiece. The eyepiece is situated in front of the focal point of the objective, at a distance from the focal point equal to the focal length of the eyepiece.
This video contains the detailed description of the construction with ray diagram of Galilean telescope with its magnifying power.
Galilean Telescope. The Galilean or terrestrial telescope uses a positive objective and a negative eyepiece. It gives erect images and is shorter than the astronomical telescope with the same power. It's angular magnification is -f o /f e.
Galileo's refractor and Newton's reflector remain the two standard kinds of optical telescopes today. Learn more about these two types of telescopes.
Galilean telescope, instrument for viewing distant objects, named after the great Italian scientist Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), who first constructed one in 1609. With it, he discovered Jupiter’s four largest satellites, spots on the Sun, phases of Venus, and hills and valleys on the Moon .
In this book, Galileo included detailed diagrams of his telescope and observations, providing valuable information for other astronomers. Galileo’s telescope and observations revolutionized astronomy, turning it towards a more scientific and observational approach.
Diagram of Galileo’s refractor telescope, taken from Sidereus Nuncius (1610). Credit: hps.cam.ac.uk. Galileo had no diagrams to work from, and instead relied on his own system of trial and...
Galileo’s next major discovery began with his observation on January 7, 1610, of what he took to be a rather odd set of three small fixed stars near Jupiter, and, in fact, collinear with the planet.
Follow the ray trace on the uppermost, darker ray, this is the focal ray of the objective lens. The focal ray exits the objective lens parallel to the axis. Also follow the chief ray that goes straight through the center of the objective lens.