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Ecological light pollution [1] is the effect of artificial light on individual organisms and on the structure of ecosystems as a whole.. The effect that artificial light has upon organisms is highly variable, [2] and ranges from beneficial (e.g. increased ability for predator species to observe prey) to immediately fatal (e.g. moths that are attracted to incandescent lanterns and are killed by ...
The swordfish (Xiphias gladius), also known as the broadbill [5] in some countries, are large, highly migratory predatory fish characterized by a long, flat, pointed bill. They are a popular sport fish of the billfish category. Swordfish are elongated, round-bodied, and lose all teeth and scales by adulthood.
Many organisms in the mesopelagic zone move up into the epipelagic zone at night, and retreat to the mesopelagic zone during the day, which is known as diel vertical migration. [8] These migrators can therefore avoid visual predators during the day and feed at night, while some of their predators also migrate up at night to follow the prey.
Diel vertical migration (DVM), also known as diurnal vertical migration, is a pattern of movement used by some organisms, such as copepods, living in the ocean and in lakes. The adjective "diel" ( IPA : / ˈ d aɪ . ə l / , / ˈ d iː . əl / ) comes from Latin : diēs , lit.
Management of these affected species becomes increasingly difficult as they migrate across management boundaries and the food web dynamics shift. Increases in sea surface temperature have been linked to a decline in species abundance such as the mass mortality of 25 benthic species in the Mediterranean in 2003, sea star wasting disease , and ...
"80% of our migratory birds here in North America are actually migrating at night," he said. "A large impact that humans actually have on birds during migration is with the light that we produce ...
Some particular types of migration are anadromous, in which adult fish live in the sea and migrate into fresh water to spawn; and catadromous, in which adult fish live in fresh water and migrate into salt water to spawn. [2] Marine forage fish often make large migrations between their spawning, feeding and nursery grounds. Their movements are ...
Polarized light pollution [1] is a subset of the various forms of light pollution referring specifically to polarized light. In nature, water and water vapor polarize the sunlight (which itself is slightly polarized). By receiving the direction of polarized photons, some species can correct their course during migration. Artificial polarization ...