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This is a list of minerals which have Wikipedia articles. Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species.
Major minerals include calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium. In contrast, humans only need trace minerals in small (<100 mg/day) amounts. Trace minerals include chromium, cobalt, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc.
More recently copper is being used in medical equipment due to its anti-microbial properties. The United States has mines in Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Nevada and Montana. Leading producers are Chile, Peru, China, United States and Australia.
Complete index of minerals varieties and other names.
Photos and information about 80 common rock-forming, ore and gemstone minerals from around the world.
Each mineral has a page linked to tables devoted to crystallography, crystal structures, X-Ray powder diffraction, chemical composition, physical and optical properties, Dana's New classification, Strunz classification, mineral specimen images, and alphabetical listings of mineral species.
List of the Rock-Forming Minerals with Pictures, Chemistry, and Links to Separate Articles about each Mineral Species.
The Mineral and Gemstone Kingdom is a free informational and educational guide to rocks, minerals, gemstones, and jewelry. This site has been providing detailed information and photos of hundreds of mineral and gemstone since 1997 and is one of the leading education resources on minerals and gemstones.
Over 4,714 mineral species descriptions are included in this HTML-linked alphabetical listing of all known valid mineral species.
This list contains a mixture of mineral names that have been approved since 1959 and those mineral names believed to still refer to valid mineral species (these are called "grandfathered" species).