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Hydropower (from Ancient Greek ὑδρο-, "water"), also known as water power or water energy, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by converting the gravitational potential or kinetic energy of a water source to produce power. [1] Hydropower is a method of sustainable energy ...
Bipole 1 consists of six 6-pulse converter groups at each end (three in series per pole), each originally rated at 150 kV DC, 1800 A. [6] Each converter group can be bridged at the DC side with a vacuum switch. Subsequent upgrades have increased the current rating to 2000 A and the voltage rating of most equipment to 166 kV per bridge (i.e ...
Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies 15% of the world's electricity , almost 4,210 TWh in 2023, [ 1 ] which is more than all other renewable sources combined and also more than nuclear power . [ 2 ]
By funneling running water into a canal, this system can generate electricity
The northern (Porto Velho) converter station is connected, via a 500 kV AC collector grid (Coletora Porto Velho), to the new Rio Madeira hydro plant complex.As of January 2013 this consisted of two generating stations: Santo Antônio, close to Porto Velho, with a capacity of 3150 MW, and Jirau, with a capacity of 3750 MW, approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) away.
There are also small and somewhat-mobile forms of a run-of-the-river power plants. One example is the so-called electricity buoy, a small floating hydroelectric power plant. Like most buoys, it is anchored to the ground, in this case in a river. The energy within the moving water propels a power generator and thereby creates electricity.
The earliest hydroelectric power generation in the U.S. was utilized for lighting and employed the better understood direct current (DC) system to provide the electrical flow. It did not flow far however, with ten miles being the system's limit; solving electricity's transmission problems would come later and be the greatest incentive to the ...
The only other HVDC scheme in the world equipped in this way from the outset was the first phase – now decommissioned – of the Shin Shinano frequency converter in Japan. Each valve tank contains two valves, forming a double-valve connecting the two DC terminals to one single-phase, two-winding converter transformer. Each six-pulse bridge ...