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OP pesticide exposure occurs through inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact. [19] Because OP pesticides degrade quickly when exposed to air and light, they have been considered relatively safe to consumers. [20] However, OP residues may linger on fruits and vegetables. [21]
At the time pesticides were largely limited to arsenic salts (calcium arsenate, lead arsenate and Paris green) [29] or pyrethrin plant extracts, all of which had major problems. [30] Schrader was seeking more effective agents, however while some organophosphates were found to be far more dangerous to insects than higher animals, [ 31 ] the ...
[13] [14] For example, commercial availability of pesticides in stores puts retail workers at risk for exposure and illness when they handle pesticide products. [16] The ubiquity of pesticides puts emergency responders such as fire-fighters and police officers at risk, because they are often the first responders to emergency events and may be ...
Pesticides can enter the body through inhalation of aerosols, dust and vapor that contain pesticides; through oral exposure by consuming food/water; and through skin exposure by direct contact. [96] Pesticides secrete into soils and groundwater which can end up in drinking water, and pesticide spray can drift and pollute the air.
Health effects of pesticides may be acute or delayed in those who are exposed. [1] Acute effects can include pesticide poisoning, which may be a medical emergency. [2] Strong evidence exists for other, long-term negative health outcomes from pesticide exposure including birth defects, fetal death, [3] neurodevelopmental disorder, [4] cancer, and neurologic illness including Parkinson's disease ...
Exposure to pesticides has also been associated with lower sperm concentrations, heart disease, cancer and other disorders. Farmworkers who use or are exposed to pesticides are at highest risk ...
Pesticides are released into the natural environment intentionally by people who are often unaware that these chemicals will travel further than anticipated, Hatakeyama et al. as cited in. [6] Thus, pesticides largely affect the natural communities in which they are used. They negatively affect multiple levels, ranging from molecules, to ...
Environmental toxicology is a multidisciplinary field of science concerned with the study of the harmful effects of various chemical, biological and physical agents on living organisms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Ecotoxicology is a subdiscipline of environmental toxicology concerned with studying the harmful effects of toxicants at the population and ...