Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The Hazen–Williams equation is an empirical relationship that relates the flow of water in a pipe with the physical properties of the pipe and the pressure drop caused by friction. It is used in the design of water pipe systems [1] such as fire sprinkler systems, [2] water supply networks, and irrigation systems.
The Hardy Cross method can be used to calculate the flow distribution in a pipe network. Consider the example of a simple pipe flow network shown at the right. For this example, the in and out flows will be 10 liters per second. We will consider n to be 2, and the head loss per unit flow r, and initial flow guess for each pipe as follows:
It is not generally realised how great an effect small obstructions can have on the flow pattern of water in a pipe-work system and the extent to which they can induce turbulence and cause corrosion-erosion. For example, it is most important, as far as possible, to ensure that copper tubes cut with a tube cutter are deburred before making the ...
The difference in the character of the flow from the case of water in a pipe stems from the differing Reynolds number Re and the roughness of the duct. The friction loss is customarily given as pressure loss for a given duct length, Δ p / L , in units of (US) inches of water for 100 feet or (SI) kg / m 2 / s 2 .
In laminar flow, friction loss arises from the transfer of momentum from the fluid in the center of the flow to the pipe wall via the viscosity of the fluid; no vortices are present in the flow. Note that the friction loss is insensitive to the pipe roughness height ε: the flow velocity in the neighborhood of the pipe wall is zero.
In fluid dynamics, pipe network analysis is the analysis of the fluid flow through a hydraulics network, containing several or many interconnected branches. The aim is to determine the flow rates and pressure drops in the individual sections of the network. This is a common problem in hydraulic design.
In fluid dynamics, total dynamic head (TDH) is the work to be done by a pump, per unit weight, per unit volume of fluid.TDH is the total amount of system pressure, measured in feet, where water can flow through a system before gravity takes over, and is essential for pump specification.
In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram (also Stanton diagram) is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f D, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe.